# Additional original questions to deepen the bank (part 2)
CORE2 = [
 # Calibration & math (deeper)
 ("If your sprayer applies 0.4 gallons per minute (GPM) per nozzle, travels at 4 MPH, and nozzles are spaced 20 inches apart, the gallons per acre is", ["5.94 GPA","29.7 GPA","2.97 GPA","59.4 GPA"],1,
  "GPA = (5940 × 0.4) ÷ (4 × 20) = 2376 ÷ 80 = 29.7 GPA."),
 ("You need to apply 1.5 pints of product per acre. Your sprayer is calibrated at 30 GPA and the tank holds 300 gallons. How many acres does one full tank cover?", ["5 acres","10 acres","20 acres","30 acres"],1,
  "300 gallons ÷ 30 GPA = 10 acres per tank."),
 ("To treat 10 acres at a rate of 1.5 pints/acre, you need to add how much product to the tank?", ["1.5 pints","10 pints","15 pints","150 pints"],2,
  "1.5 pints/acre × 10 acres = 15 pints."),
 ("A 2.5-gallon container of a product that is applied at 2 oz per gallon of water will treat how many gallons of spray mix?", ["2.5 gallons","20 gallons","40 gallons","160 gallons"],3,
  "2.5 gal = 320 oz. 320 oz ÷ 2 oz/gal = 160 gallons of mix."),
 ("If you apply 0.5 gallon of concentrate to 50 gallons of water, the spray mix is", ["1:100","1:50","1:10","1:20"],0,
  "0.5 gal concentrate in 50 gal water = 1 part in 100."),
 ("'Percent' concentration of a 4% active ingredient product means", ["4 parts active per 100 parts product","4 oz per gallon","40% active","4 parts per 1000"],0,
  "4% = 4 parts active ingredient per 100 parts of product."),
 # First aid / poisoning (deeper)
 ("If someone swallows a pesticide and is unconscious, you should", ["make them vomit","give them water","check breathing, call 911/Poison Control, and follow label directions without inducing vomiting unless instructed","wait for them to wake"],2,
  "Never induce vomiting unless the label says to; call for help and follow the label."),
 ("If a pesticide label says 'do not induce vomiting,' and someone swallowed it, you should", ["induce vomiting anyway","follow the label and get medical help immediately","give them milk","give them salt water"],1,
  "Always follow the label's first-aid instructions."),
 ("A person showing severe pesticide poisoning symptoms should be", ["sent home","taken to a doctor or emergency room immediately, with the label","given coffee","made to walk it off"],1,
  "Severe symptoms require immediate medical attention; bring the label."),
 ("Heat stress and pesticide poisoning share symptoms, so", ["ignore both","monitor the person and seek help; the label and context help distinguish","assume heat always","assume poison always"],1,
  "Both can cause nausea/dizziness; get the person to safety and seek help."),
 ("The 'WPS' and the label may require that pesticide handlers receive", ["no training","decontamination supplies and safety training","a raise","a free lunch"],1,
  "Handlers need decontamination supplies and training."),
 # Storage / disposal (deeper)
 ("Pesticide storage areas should be", ["well ventilated, locked, and posted with warning signs","under the sink","in the garage next to gas","in a greenhouse"],0,
  "Storage must be secure, ventilated, and clearly marked."),
 ("Pesticides should never be stored", ["in their original containers","above food or seed","in a dry place","in a locked cabinet"],1,
  "Never store pesticides where they could leak onto food, feed, or seed."),
 ("If a pesticide container is damaged or leaking in storage, you should", ["leave it","place it in a larger container and deal with it per label","pour it down a drain","hide it"],1,
  "Contain the leak and handle per label and regulation."),
 ("The best way to dispose of excess concentrated pesticide is to", ["pour it on the ground","apply it to a labeled site at a labeled rate, or use a waste handler","dump in trash","burn it"],1,
  "Use it up at label rates on a labeled site, or send to a licensed waste handler."),
 ("Never reuse an empty pesticide container for", ["storing food or water","triple-rinsing","recycling","disposal"],0,
  "Empty containers must never hold food, water, or any non-pesticide use."),
 # Mixing / handling (deeper)
 ("When opening a pesticide container, you should", ["stand upwind and wear gloves/eye protection","stand downwind","use your teeth","smell it to check strength"],0,
  "Open upwind with PPE to avoid splashes and vapors."),
 ("Mixing and loading should be done", ["on a concrete pad away from water sources","directly over a well","in the kitchen","in a stream"],0,
  "Use a contained mixing/loading area away from wells and water."),
 ("If you spill concentrate while mixing, you should", ["rinse it away with a hose","contain it with absorbent material and clean up immediately","leave it to dry","cover it with dirt"],1,
  "Contain and clean spills immediately with absorbents."),
 ("A pesticide's 'compatibility' refers to", ["whether two or more products can be safely mixed together","its color","its smell","its price"],0,
  "Compatibility = products that mix without clumping, separation, or damage."),
 ("You should do a 'jar test' when", ["mixing unfamiliar or potentially incompatible products","every single time","never","only with water"],0,
  "A jar test checks for compatibility before mixing a full tank."),
 ("The order of adding products when mixing should follow", ["any order","the label's mixing order (e.g., WPs before ECs, adjuvants last)","largest first","color order"],1,
  "Follow the label's recommended mixing order to avoid incompatibility."),
 # Drift / environment (deeper)
 ("A temperature inversion", ["increases vertical air mixing","traps spray droplets near the ground, increasing drift risk","has no effect on spraying","improves coverage"],1,
  "Inversions hold small droplets in a layer near the ground where they can drift."),
 ("The best way to avoid drift near a sensitive area is to", ["increase pressure","use drift-reduction nozzles, larger droplets, and maintain buffers","spray upwind","spray at noon"],1,
  "Drift-reduction nozzles, larger droplets, and buffers minimize drift."),
 ("Leaching of a pesticide into groundwater is greatest when", ["the soil is sandy and rain is heavy soon after application","soil is clay","it's frozen","on flat ground"],0,
  "Sandy soil plus heavy rain moves pesticides downward toward groundwater."),
 ("Volatilization is", ["the process of a pesticide turning to a gas and moving off-target","the pesticide dissolving","the pesticide degrading","the pesticide clumping"],0,
  "Volatilization is evaporation into a gas that can move off-site."),
 ("To protect a nearby stream, leave an untreated", ["buffer strip","road","fence","ditch"],0,
  "Untreated buffer strips protect water from runoff and drift."),
 # Formulations (deeper)
 ("A 'flowable' (F) formulation is", ["a dry granule","a finely ground solid suspended in a liquid","a gas","a tablet"],1,
  "Flowables are fine solids suspended in liquid; shake before use."),
 ("A 'microencapsulated' formulation", ["releases active ingredient slowly over time","dissolves instantly","is always a gas","is only for indoor use"],0,
  "Microencapsulation controls the release rate and reduces some hazards."),
 ("An 'ultra-low volume' (ULV) application uses", ["very concentrated product with little or no dilution","a fire hose","a garden sprinkler","a backpack of water"],0,
  "ULV applies very concentrated product in tiny droplets."),
 ("A 'fumigant' is a pesticide that", ["acts as a gas","is a liquid bait","is a dust","is a repellent only"],0,
  "Fumigants are gases that penetrate enclosed spaces."),
 ("A 'dust' (D) formulation should be applied", ["in windy conditions","in cracks, voids, and other dry protected areas","as a drench","to foliage in rain"],1,
  "Dusts are for dry, protected sites; avoid wind."),
 # Equipment (deeper)
 ("The pump on a sprayer is responsible for", ["agitating and pressurizing the spray","filtering the water","measuring the output","none"],0,
  "The pump pressurizes the spray and often drives agitation."),
 ("A sprayer filter (strainer) should be", ["removed to increase flow","cleaned regularly to prevent clogging","ignored","painted"],1,
  "Clean filters regularly to maintain flow and prevent clogging."),
 ("The three main nozzle spray patterns are", ["fan, cone, and stream","round, square, and flat","red, blue, and green","wet, dry, and fog"],0,
  "Nozzles produce fan, hollow/ full cone, or stream patterns."),
 ("You should replace sprayer nozzles when", ["they become worn and output exceeds 10% of the original","they get dirty","every season regardless","never"],0,
  "Replace nozzles when output drifts more than ~10% from new."),
 ("A boom sprayer is used for", ["large, flat areas like fields and turf","crack and crevice work","single trees","indoor fogging"],0,
  "Boom sprayers cover broad, flat areas uniformly."),
 # IPM (deeper)
 ("A 'key pest' is one that", ["is always present","regularly causes damage and needs routine management","is rare","is beneficial"],1,
  "Key pests are the ones that commonly threaten the crop or structure."),
 ("An 'occasional pest' requires", ["routine treatment","control only when it appears and exceeds a threshold","always a fumigant","no attention"],1,
  "Occasional pests are managed reactively when they appear."),
 ("Monitoring with pheromone traps helps", ["attract more pests","detect pest presence and timing","kill everything","pollinate plants"],1,
  "Pheromone traps detect and time pest activity."),
 ("A 'pest-resistant' crop variety is an example of", ["chemical control","host plant resistance (cultural/genetic)","mechanical control","no control"],1,
  "Resistant varieties are a genetic/cultural control."),
 ("The best IPM decision is based on", ["the calendar","scouting data and an action threshold","gut feeling","what's on sale"],1,
  "Decisions follow monitoring data compared to thresholds."),
 # WPS (deeper)
 ("WPS requires that pesticide safety information be displayed at", ["a central location on the establishment","the office only","nowhere","the store"],0,
  "A central posting area shows safety info and recent applications."),
 ("A pesticide handler is a person who", ["only drives a truck","mixes, loads, applies, or otherwise handles pesticides","only answers phones","only cleans the office"],1,
  "Handlers mix, load, apply, clean equipment, or handle pesticides."),
 ("Workers must be notified of pesticide applications through", ["word of mouth only","posting, oral warning, or both as required","guesswork","no notification"],1,
  "WPS requires posting and/or oral notification of applications."),
 ("Decontamination supplies required by WPS include", ["soap, water, and towels","only water","only a first-aid kit","nothing"],0,
  "Soap, water, and towels for washing off must be provided."),
 ("The minimum age to handle pesticides on a WPS-covered establishment is", ["12","18","21","no minimum"],1,
  "Pesticide handlers must be at least 18 (with limited exceptions)."),
 # WA-specific (deeper)
 ("Washington requires that a commercial applicator's pesticide application records include", ["the date, site, product, rate, and applicator information","only the price","only the weather","nothing"],0,
  "WA records must document date, site, product, rate, and applicator."),
 ("The WSDA is part of which state department?", ["Department of Agriculture","Department of Ecology","Department of Health","Labor & Industries"],0,
  "Pesticide regulation is under the Washington State Department of Agriculture."),
 ("In Washington, a 'Commercial Applicator' is someone who", ["applies pesticides for hire or as part of employment for others","only farms their own land","only sells pesticides","only does research"],0,
  "Commercial applicators apply pesticides for others as a service."),
 ("WA pesticide dealers must be", ["licensed","unlicensed","certified only","ignored"],0,
  "Pesticide dealers in Washington require a dealer license."),
]

STRUCTURAL2 = [
 ("The three termite castes are", ["workers, soldiers, and reproductives (king/queen)","males, females, and larvae","eggs, nymphs, and adults","workers, drones, and bees"],0,
  "Termite colonies have workers, soldiers, and reproductive castes."),
 ("Termite workers are", ["winged and dark","soft-bodied, pale, and wingless","the largest caste","always reproductive"],1,
  "Workers are soft-bodied, pale, and wingless — the ones that damage wood."),
 ("Termite soldiers are recognized by", ["their large, dark heads and mandibles for defense","their wings","their small size","their pale color"],0,
  "Soldiers have enlarged heads and jaws to defend the colony."),
 ("Winged termites (alates) have", ["two pairs of equal-length wings and straight antennae","elbowed antennae","a narrow waist","four pairs of wings"],0,
  "Alates have four equal wings and straight, bead-like antennae."),
 ("Winged ants differ from winged termites by", ["having front wings longer than hind wings and a narrow waist","having equal wings","having straight antennae","having no waist"],0,
  "Ants have unequal wings, a narrow waist, and elbowed antennae."),
 ("The Pacific dampwood termite is most common in", ["dry eastern WA","coastal and western WA where wood stays moist","arid deserts","high mountains"],1,
  "Dampwood termites thrive in the moist climate west of the Cascades."),
 ("The western subterranean termite is found", ["throughout Washington, often near soil contact","only in deserts","only in trees","only indoors"],0,
  "Reticulitermes hesperus occurs across WA where wood contacts soil."),
 ("A 'sill plate' is", ["the horizontal framing member that rests on the foundation","a window","a door","a roof shingle"],0,
  "The sill plate is the bottom horizontal member on the foundation — a prime termite entry."),
 ("Signs of an active termite infestation include", ["mud tubes, live termites, and damaged wood","only dust","only cobwebs","clean, dry wood"],0,
  "Live termites, mud tubes, and galleries indicate active infestation."),
 ("'Frass' from carpenter ants looks like", ["coarse sawdust with bits of dead ants and debris","fine powder","mud","sand"],0,
  "Carpenter ant frass is coarse, sawdust-like, and may contain insect parts."),
 ("Carpenter ants nest", ["only in the soil","in wood, often where moisture has softened it","only in trees","in concrete"],1,
  "Carpenter ants excavate wood, preferring moist, soft wood."),
 ("The best long-term carpenter ant control is", ["fogging","locating and treating the nest and correcting moisture","only spraying trails","ignoring them"],1,
  "Find and treat the nest, and fix the moisture that attracted them."),
 ("A 'trailing' ant in WA commonly seen indoors along moisture is the", ["odorous house ant","carpenter ant","fire ant","army ant"],0,
  "Odorous house ants trail indoors and smell like rotten coconut when crushed."),
 ("The pavement ant is recognized by", ["its large size","parallel furrows on the head and thorax","its wings","its red color"],1,
  "Pavement ants have fine parallel grooves on the head and thorax."),
 ("A 'pharaoh ant' is a", ["tiny pale ant that is a serious indoor pest and hard to control","large black ant","mound-building ant","winged ant"],0,
  "Pharaoh ants are tiny, pale, and notoriously difficult indoor pests."),
 ("Rodent 'runways' are", ["the paths rodents travel repeatedly","the food","the nest","the bait station"],0,
  "Runways are repeated travel paths where baits and traps work best."),
 ("Signs of rodent activity include", ["droppings, gnaw marks, and rub marks","only noise","only smell","clean floors"],0,
  "Droppings, gnawing, and greasy rub marks indicate rodent activity."),
 ("The best place to set a snap trap for mice is", ["in the open middle of a room","along a wall perpendicular to it, where mice travel","on a counter","in the ceiling only"],1,
  "Set traps against walls along mouse runways."),
 ("A 'tamper-resistant bait station' is required", ["never","when rodenticides are placed where children, pets, or wildlife could access them","only outdoors","only in businesses"],1,
  "Tamper-resistant stations protect non-targets from rodenticide."),
 ("The primary food of the house mouse is", ["only cheese","almost anything, but it prefers grains and seeds","only meat","only fruit"],1,
  "House mice are omnivorous but favor grains and seeds."),
 ("A 'Wood Destroying Organism' (WDO) report documents", ["only termites","the presence or evidence of wood-destroying insects and conditions","only rodents","only mold"],1,
  "WDO reports document wood-destroying insects and conducive conditions."),
 ("'Anobiid' beetles are", ["powderpost beetles that infest damp, seasoned wood","termites","ants","flies"],0,
  "Anobiid powderpost beetles attack damp, seasoned softwood."),
 ("The exit holes of anobiid powderpost beetles are", ["tiny round holes with fine flour-like frass","large ragged holes","mud tubes","none"],0,
  "Anobiids leave small round holes and powdery frass."),
 ("A 'lyctid' powderpost beetle infests", ["hardwoods (e.g., oak, ash, hickory)","softwoods","living trees","concrete"],0,
  "Lyctids attack the sapwood of hardwoods."),
 ("The key to preventing powderpost beetle reinfestation is", ["painting/sealing exposed wood and controlling moisture","more pesticide","ignoring them","covering with dirt"],0,
  "Sealing wood and controlling moisture prevent reinfestation."),
]

ORNAMENTAL2 = [
 ("A 'broadleaf' weed is controlled with a", ["selective broadleaf herbicide","grass killer","fungicide","insecticide"],0,
  "Selective broadleaf herbicides kill dicots (broadleaves) without harming grass."),
 ("A 'grassy' weed in a lawn is controlled with a", ["pre-emergent or selective grass herbicide","broadleaf herbicide","insecticide","fungicide"],0,
  "Grassy weeds need grass-specific or pre-emergent products."),
 ("Crabgrass is best controlled with a", ["pre-emergent herbicide applied before germination","post-emergent after it's large","fungicide","insecticide"],0,
  "Crabgrass is an annual — pre-emergents before germination work best."),
 ("A 'dollar spot' on turf is", ["a fungal disease","an insect","a weed","a nutrient burn"],0,
  "Dollar spot is a common turf fungal disease showing small bleached spots."),
 ("Fairy rings in turf are caused by", ["fungi","insects","overwatering","dog urine"],0,
  "Fairy rings are fungal growths that form circles in turf."),
 ("White grubs (beetle larvae) in turf cause", ["brown patches that lift like loose sod","green spots","no damage","better growth"],0,
  "Grubs feed on roots, causing turf to brown and lift easily."),
 ("The best time to treat for white grubs is", ["when they are young and near the surface","in winter","after they pupate","never"],0,
  "Treat young grubs while they are active near the surface."),
 ("When spraying a shrub for aphids, you should", ["target the undersides of leaves where aphids feed","only the trunk","only the flowers","the soil only"],0,
  "Aphids feed on leaf undersides and tender growth."),
 ("A 'systemic' tree injection is used to", ["deliver insecticide or fungicide directly into the tree's vascular system","water the tree","fertilize","prune"],0,
  "Systemic injections move product through the tree's transport system."),
 ("Mulching around trees helps by", ["retaining moisture, reducing weeds, and protecting trunks from mower damage","starving the tree","attracting pests","killing roots"],0,
  "Mulch conserves moisture, suppresses weeds, and protects the trunk."),
 ("A 'hardscape' pest like an ant under a patio is best treated with", ["a granular or bait applied to the nesting area","a foliar spray","a fogger","nothing"],0,
  "Treat the nest or bait near the activity."),
 ("The primary pollinator to protect in ornamental settings is", ["the honey bee and native bees","wasps","ants","flies"],0,
  "Protect bees and other pollinators during bloom."),
 ("A 'reduced-risk' pesticide is one that", ["is less hazardous to human health and the environment","is always organic","is always cheaper","needs no license"],0,
  "Reduced-risk products have a more favorable risk profile."),
 ("Leaf spots caused by a fungus should be managed by", ["identifying the pathogen, improving air flow, and using a labeled fungicide if needed","insecticide","herbicide","more watering"],0,
  "Diagnose the disease, improve conditions, and use fungicide only if labeled/needed."),
 ("The best irrigation practice to reduce turf disease is", ["deep, infrequent watering early in the day","shallow, frequent night watering","watering at noon","no watering"],0,
  "Water deeply and early in the day so foliage dries, reducing disease."),
]

AGRICULTURAL2 = [
 ("The 'pre-harvest interval' (PHI) is measured from", ["the last application to harvest","planting to harvest","first application to last","spray to rain"],0,
  "PHI is the minimum days between the last application and harvest."),
 ("A 'restricted entry interval' (REI) protects", ["workers who enter a treated field","the crop","the equipment","the soil"],0,
  "REI protects workers re-entering treated areas."),
 ("Crop rotation is most effective against pests that", ["are host-specific and build up in continuous cropping","fly long distances","are generalists","are mobile"],0,
  "Rotation breaks the cycle of pests tied to a single host crop."),
 ("A 'scouting' program means", ["regularly checking fields for pest presence and levels","spraying on a schedule","guessing","only checking at harvest"],0,
  "Scouting monitors pest levels to guide treatment decisions."),
 ("The 'economic threshold' is", ["the pest level at which control is economically justified","the maximum yield","the lowest price","the field size"],0,
  "The economic threshold is when control costs are justified by prevented damage."),
 ("Applying a pesticide to a crop that is NOT on the label is", ["allowed","a violation","fine with a license","up to the applicator"],1,
  "The crop/site must be listed on the label — off-label use is illegal."),
 ("A 'tank mix' incompatibility shows as", ["clumping, separation, or gelling in the tank","a clear solution","foam only","a color change only"],0,
  "Incompatible mixes clump, separate, or gel — do a jar test first."),
 ("The best source for the correct rate for a crop is", ["the label","memory","a neighbor","last year's notes"],0,
  "The label is the legal source of the correct rate."),
 ("A 'nozzle' with a wider spray angle", ["produces a wider swath and can be mounted lower","produces a narrower swath","drifts more","clogs more"],0,
  "Wider angles allow lower boom height while maintaining overlap."),
 ("A 'shielded sprayer' reduces drift by", ["containing the spray within a hood","increasing pressure","using smaller droplets","spraying faster"],0,
  "Shields physically contain the spray, reducing drift."),
 ("The 'field re-entry' after a REI requires", ["the REI to have passed (and proper PPE if specified)","nothing","a note","a phone call"],0,
  "Wait out the REI; enter only with required PPE if allowed."),
 ("A 'broadcast' application covers", ["the entire field uniformly","only spots","only rows","only edges"],0,
  "Broadcast treats the whole area evenly."),
 ("A 'band' application treats", ["only a strip over or beside the crop row","the whole field","only the edges","only the corners"],0,
  "Band application treats a narrow strip, saving product."),
 ("A 'spot' treatment targets", ["only small, localized areas of pests","the whole field","the soil","the road"],0,
  "Spot treatments hit only the infested patches."),
 ("The best reason to keep good application records is", ["legal compliance and better future decisions","to show off","to waste time","none"],0,
  "Records satisfy the law and inform better management."),
]

# merge
import wa_exam_data as base
ALL = {
    "Core": base.CORE + CORE2,
    "Structural": base.STRUCTURAL + STRUCTURAL2,
    "Ornamental & Turf": base.ORNAMENTAL + ORNAMENTAL2,
    "Agricultural": base.AGRICULTURAL + AGRICULTURAL2,
}
import json
total = 0
for cat, items in ALL.items():
    print(f"{cat}: {len(items)}")
    total += len(items)
print(f"TOTAL: {total}")